Cosmetic science knowledge
Baby skin care
1. What are the characteristics of infant skin development? What should be paid attention to in infant skin care?
Answer: The physical structure of the skin of infants and young children around the age of 1 is relatively complete, close to that of adults, but the stratum corneum is about 30% thinner than that of adults, and the water is easily lost, and the skin barrier function is not perfect. It can cause dryness, redness, and itching of the skin. Therefore, the skin care of infants and young children should pay more attention to the mildness and moisturizing properties of products. At the same time, unlike adults, the sweat and dirt of infants and young children tend to stay in the armpits, groin, navel, buttocks and other skin folds, especially the buttocks. Due to frequent contact with urine and feces, improper care can cause diapers on the local skin. Sexual dermatitis, that is, red butt. Therefore, a gentle baby shower gel should be used for a comprehensive cleaning, and for the buttocks, special areas can be strengthened.
Baby care products
2. What are the characteristics of infant eye development? How to choose cleaning products for babies?
A: Babies are born with a blinking reflex, but compared to adults who blink 12-20 times per minute, infants only blink 2-5 times per minute, so they cannot protect their eyes by blinking and the baby’s corneal tissue is sensitive and weak. More vulnerable to external physical and chemical damage. At the same time, chemicals may also be absorbed throughout the body through the structure of the tear duct in the eye. Therefore, for babies, choose less irritating, gentle bath and shampoo products.
Baby skin care
3. What are the characteristics of the behavioral and emotional development of infants and young children? How to perform skin care?
A: Infants and young children at different stages will have different behavioral characteristics during the development process: infants aged 0-6 months are in the initial stage of development and need careful care and comfort from their parents. Parents can establish an emotional connection with their baby through gentle eye and voice communication, and at the same time, they can do some gentle skin care, choose gentle care products, and establish rich multi-sensory stimulation, such as: bathing, moisturizing, touching, etc. More secure and comfortable Infants aged 6-36 months have their brains developing, and babies learn many new skills, including crawling and walking, being curious about things, maintaining a longer attention span, and learning to find things, etc. , requires more attention to gentle cleansing and moisturizing care. Children over 3 years old are an important stage of development. They can build social skills through playing, learning and communicating with their peers. They will also have more time for outdoor activities. They should pay more attention to sun protection while doing daily care.
Precautions for children’s cosmetics
4. What should be paid attention to when choosing children’s cosmetics scientifically?
A: Sunscreen products: For newborns, there is less need for outdoor activities. Children under the age of 6 months have delicate skin and a high ratio of body surface area to body weight. Sunscreen products are more likely to cause adverse reactions. Therefore, sunscreen products should not be used and should avoid going out during direct sunlight (10:00 am to 2:00 pm daily) . If you need to go out, try to use physical coverings such as wearing a hat, umbrella, and light-colored cotton clothing. For infants from 6 months old to 2 years old, it is still mainly used to cover sunscreen with clothing, and physical sunscreen products within SPF10/PA+ can also be used, preferably cream products. Bath and skin care products: The pH value of the skin surface of infants and young children is about 4.0-5.9. Existing studies have shown that maintaining a weakly acidic environment of the skin is important for the development of the skin barrier, so infants and young children should choose weakly acidic washing and care products. The frequency and time of bathing for infants and young children should be determined according to individual needs, combined with different seasons and environments, usually once a day or every other day, and choose a less irritating, gentle bath and shampoo products. Within 5 minutes after bathing, use baby skin care products to apply to the whole body, once every 12 hours or as needed, and choose different skin care products according to the dryness of the baby’s skin, season, environment, etc. It is recommended that consumers buy children’s cosmetics from legal channels, and can log on the website of the State Food and Drug Administration or the mobile phone APP cosmetics supervision to check whether the label information of the purchased cosmetics is consistent with the product registration or filing information; if they are inconsistent, the product quality is in doubt. Consumers should keep the product properly and check whether the product is within the expiry date, whether it is contaminated due to improper sealing, etc. If your baby has discomfort after using children’s cosmetics, you should stop using the product immediately and observe carefully; if the symptoms still do not improve, please seek medical attention in time.
Children’s Cosmetics Regulation
5. How does the state supervise children’s cosmetics?
A: According to the “Regulations on the Supervision and Administration of Cosmetics”, cosmetics are strictly regulated by the state as health-related products. For children’s cosmetics, the State Food and Drug Administration issued the “Regulations on the Supervision and Administration of Children’s Cosmetics” in September this year, proposing stricter regulatory requirements than adult cosmetics. To produce cosmetics, a “Cosmetics Production License” shall be obtained; for the production of children’s skin care cosmetics, the environmental requirements of the production workshop shall comply with the relevant provisions of the Cosmetics Production Quality Management Standard. Cosmetics should submit product formulas, inspection reports, safety assessment materials and other technical materials as required before they go on the market, and can only be marketed after registration or filing; the formula design of children’s cosmetics should follow the principles of safety first, efficacy essential, and formula minimalism, and should Product safety evaluation is carried out through safety assessment and necessary toxicological tests. The use of cosmetic raw materials and the limits of microorganisms and harmful substances in products shall comply with the requirements of the “Safety Technical Specification for Cosmetics”. In addition, the state conducts sampling inspection, adverse reaction monitoring, risk monitoring, etc. on post-marketing cosmetics to supervise their quality and safety status.
Makeup not suitable for children
6. Why should children not use makeup?
A: The efficacy claims of cosmetics used by infants and young children aged 0-3 are limited to cleaning, moisturizing, hair care, sun protection, soothing, and refreshing. Cosmetics used by infants and young children under 3 years old do not include makeup. Therefore, it is illegal if the cosmetics label claims that it can be used by infants under 3 years old. Compared with adults, children under 12 years old (inclusive), especially infants and young children under 3 years old, have immature skin barrier function, and are more sensitive to the stimulation of foreign substances and more easily damaged. Lipstick toys, blush toys and other products produced in accordance with general toy product standards may contain substances that are not suitable for use as cosmetic raw materials, including colorants with relatively high safety risks, which may irritate children’s skin if used for children. In addition, such color cosmetics toys may have problems with excessive heavy metals, such as excessive lead. Excessive lead absorption can damage multiple systems in the body, such as affecting the intellectual development of children. Here, I would like to remind parents and friends that the full ingredients of the product should be marked on the label of children’s cosmetics, domestic cosmetics should be marked with the cosmetics production license number, special cosmetics should be marked with the special cosmetics registration certificate number, and imported cosmetics should have Chinese labels. Recently, the State Food and Drug Administration released the Children’s Cosmetics Logo – Little Golden Shield. From May 1, 2022, the label of children’s cosmetics applying for registration or filing must be marked with a small golden shield; for children’s cosmetics that have previously applied for registration or filing, the label should be marked with a small golden shield before May 1, 2023. At that time, parents and friends are requested to pay attention to the small golden shield logo when purchasing children’s cosmetics.
Children’s cosmetics small golden shield
7. What is the small golden shield of children’s cosmetics?
Children’s cosmetics refer to cosmetics that are suitable for children under the age of 12 (including 12 years old) and have the functions of cleaning, moisturizing, cooling and sun protection. If the logo is suitable for the whole population, the whole family, etc., or the use of trademarks, patterns, packaging forms, etc. to imply that the user group of this cosmetic includes children, the “Regulations on the Supervision and Administration of Children’s Cosmetics” implemented on January 1 this year stipulates that children’s cosmetics should be sold on the market. The packaging display surface is marked with the children’s cosmetics logo (small golden shield) stipulated by the State Food and Drug Administration. Children’s cosmetics logo “Little Golden Shield” is intended to express the joint efforts of all social parties, including drug supervision and management departments, to continuously improve the quality and safety of children’s cosmetics, provide a good growth environment for infants and children, and protect and care for the healthy growth of children. The logo adopts the shape of gold and shield as a whole. The gold color reflects the healthy, lively, optimistic and positive state of children; The center is the image design of children with open hands, emphasizing the firm determination to protect the healthy growth of children.
The small golden shield is a distinguishing mark that distinguishes children’s cosmetics from other easily confused products such as adult cosmetics, disinfection products, toys, etc. Non-children’s cosmetics shall not be marked with this mark. It should be noted that my country implements strict supervision on children’s cosmetics, which is mainly reflected in the higher regulatory requirements for product formulation design, safety assessment, and production conditions of children’s cosmetics. Before the listing of children’s cosmetics, except for sunscreen products, which must be registered, other categories of products must be registered. The small golden shield is marked on the cosmetic packaging, which only means that the product belongs to children’s cosmetics, but does not mean that the product has been approved by the regulatory authorities or certified for quality and safety.
Does toothpaste affect baby teeth?
8. Does toothpaste affect the physiological process of deciduous tooth eruption?
Answer: A person has two sets of teeth in his life, deciduous teeth and permanent teeth. Generally, deciduous teeth begin to erupt from about 6 months of age, and all the deciduous teeth erupt from 2.5 to 3 years old; by the age of 6, the physiological shedding of the deciduous teeth begins to occur, and the permanent teeth are replaced and erupted, and then all the deciduous teeth are replaced by the permanent teeth around the age of 12. , become the permanent dentition. There are individual differences in the eruption time of teeth, and factors such as growth environment and individual nutrition have an impact on this. However, brushing with toothpaste had no effect on the germination of deciduous teeth.
Can toothpaste reverse caries?
9. Can toothpaste reverse the progression of caries?
Answer: Caries is one of the most common diseases of the oral cavity. Tooth begins with demineralization of the enamel surface in the early stage of caries, and the progression of caries is irreversible. That is, a tooth cannot be regenerated after caries (cavities) have occurred. The use of fluoride toothpaste can enhance the anti-caries ability of teeth, but cannot reverse the progression of caries. Moreover, long-term gum disease leads to the destruction of gum tissue, which in turn leads to loose teeth, requiring professional oral examination and treatment. There is no scientific basis for the so-called brushing with toothpaste to repair the cavity, close the gap between the teeth, stabilize the loose teeth, or even regenerate the teeth. Finally, I remind consumers that oral diseases such as caries should be mainly prevented. It is recommended to maintain good oral hygiene habits and eating habits, conduct regular oral examinations, choose toothpaste products rationally, and do not believe the false claims that toothpaste can treat oral diseases.
Anti-Helicobacter pylori
10. Can toothpaste claim anti-Helicobacter pylori and other medical effects?
Toothpaste refers to a semi-solid preparation that acts on the surface of human teeth by brushing teeth to assist in cleaning. Toothpaste has the functions of beautifying and protecting teeth and surrounding tissues. According to the “Regulations on the Supervision and Administration of Cosmetics” that will be implemented from January 1, 2021, toothpaste is managed with reference to the provisions of ordinary cosmetics; toothpaste can be claimed to have anti-caries, anti-plaque, Anti-dentin sensitivity, relieve gum problems and other effects. It is worth noting that toothpaste cannot express or imply that it has medical effects, and cannot make false or misleading claims of efficacy. At present, the State Food and Drug Administration is speeding up the formulation of the departmental regulations “Toothpaste Supervision and Management Measures” specifically for toothpaste management, and will promote the introduction of the regulations as soon as possible.
Helicobacter pylori is mainly found in the human stomach, and there is no evidence that brushing with toothpaste can affect the presence of Helicobacter pylori in the stomach. In addition, the oral cavity is a complex environment in which various microorganisms such as bacteria coexist. Studies have shown that the possible presence of Helicobacter pylori in the oral cavity is mainly concentrated in saliva and plaque. The correlation between Helicobacter pylori in the oral cavity and periodontal disease, bad breath, gastric cancer and other digestive system diseases is still lack of evidence-based medical evidence. Products such as toothpastes that claim to be resistant to H. pylori may contain broad-spectrum bacteriostatic agents. If a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent is used in large quantities for a long time, it may lead to the disorder of the oral flora, which is not conducive to oral health.
Finally, remind consumers: toothpaste is not a medicine, and toothpaste cannot replace medicines to treat diseases. If you have a disease, it is recommended to follow the doctor’s advice for treatment.